鉴定要点

　　一、物流基本概念

　　1.The concept of article in logistics includes tangible goods and intangible service,such as customer service, freight agents and logistics network design.

　　2.The external logistics is about the macro economic activities,like international trade and global investment.

　　3.The four key procedures in the internal logistics are supply,production,distribution and reverse.

　　4.Logistics system includes customer service,packaging,transportation,storage,distribution processing and information control.

　　5.A logistics center consists of a series of integrated logistic activities,processes,equipments,and information network.

　　6.Logistics alliance refers to the long term cooperation and business relationship between logistics supplier and customers.

　　7.Time value in logistics refers to the differences in value of the same goods at different time.

　　8.Location value in logistics refers to the differences in value of the same goods in different locations.

　　9.Logistics vehicles include ships,trucks,trains and aircrafts used in the logistics process.

　　10.Insurance is very important to logistics because of the potential hazards and dangers in the process,such as fire,theft,handling damage and even the natural disasters.

　　11.Letter of Credit is issued by the buyer's bank for the importer'sbenefits.

　　12.Logistics information refers general logistics knowledge,materials,images,data and documentation.

　　13.Distribution processing value is the valued added by changing the length,thickness and package of goods.

　　14.Communication links the entire logistics process with customers.

　　二、存储功能

　　1.Cycle stock is the maximum inventory based on the maximum needs.

　　2.Inspection is the operation to check the quantity,quality and package of the goods according to the contract and specific standards.

　　3.Goods that are stored in warehouses for distribution and sales are called inventory.

　　4.Commodity inspection is the process in which exported and imported goods are examined for their quantity,quality,package,place of production,safety and hygiene condi tions.

   三、运输功能

　　1.Liner transport has three specific components:fixed ports,fixed routes and announcing shipping time in advance.

　　2.The broker company in ocean transportation is called shipping agency.

　　3.TEU and FEU both are containers which are used in ocean transportation frequently.

　　4.Bill of Lading is the evidence of the contract of carriage between carrier and shipper.

　　5.Transport agencies include air and surface freight forwarders,shippers' associations and transport brokers.

　　6.NVOCC is also a cartier because it can open B/L.

　　7.Door-to-door delivery refers to carriers picking up the goods from the shipper's warehouse and delivering it to consignee's warehouse.

　　8.Containerization can speed up the logistics process,such as handling,loading and unloading,storing and transport.

　　9.There are three kinds of freight in transport: full-car load,Les-than-truckload and container.

　　10.International transportation by trucks is limited between the joint border countries like US and Mexico or closely located WTO members like mainland China,Hong Kong and Macao.

　　11.Transportation decision is referred to the transportation models and carriers selected for delivery,vehicle routing,scheduling,and freight grouping.

　　四、物流信息管理

　　1.Virtual logistics is the management by computer technology and Internet.

　　2.Data Warehousing is virtual data system in computer technology.

　　3.Global Positioning System directs the mobile equipments,like trucks,ships and aircrafts by satellite tracking.

　　4.The main application of E-selling is in B2B and B2C.

　　5.In the logistics information system,EDI plays the most important role.

   五、配送

　　1.Delivery refers to sending goods to the destination specified by buyers and collection of the transportation costs.

　　2.Joint Distribution refers to delivering goods for different shippers using the same vehicle by the most economic route.

　　3.Distribution center is a short-term storage center located close to a major market to facilitate the rapid processing of orders and shipment of goods to customers.

　　4.The regional distribution center provides customized solution for supply chain man agement,warehousing and sea,air freight transport in the international logistics market.

　　六、物流设施、物流工具、物流操作

　　1.Forklift truck is very convenient equipment for loading and unloading goods.

　　2.A twenty-foot unit is called a standard container.

　　3.Stereoscopic warehouse has three parts:warehouse,high story shelf and stacker.

　　4.Cargo inspection is not only to examine the goods quantity,but also quality.

　　5.Less-than Container is the mode which can be used to ship goods for more than one shippers and consignees.

　　6.Conveyors are used widely in the operations of warehouse and distribution center and form the basic handling device for a number of selection systems.

　　7.Standardized containers are storage and transportation equipments that may load the cargo of 16 to 26 tons or in 30 to 60 cubic meters.

   七、逆向物流

　　1.Recycle logistics is the part of reverse logistics.

　　2.Reverse logistics is the process to handle returned goods,recycle useful materials and dispose waste goods.

　　3.Green logistics is very important to the environmental protection.

　　4.Recycle logistics is the process to sort,treat and collect the valuable parts from used products.

　　八、物流综合概念表达

　　1.Tally is to count and inspect goods in logistics.

　　2.CIF and FOB are two major terms in the international trade.

　　3.Virtual logistics is based on logistics network,but more computerized and systema tized than logistics operation.

　　4.MRP (Material Requirement Planning) is the management system to control the amount of material consumed and to reduce inventory in the manufacturing company.

　　5.ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is the management system to distribute all resources economically,while satisfying the demand of the market.

　　6.Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) refer to a computer-to-computer information sharing of business documents in a standard format.

　　7.Virtual warehousing is not real logistics network but an information network based on warehouse management.

　　8.Distribution center is a large and highly automated multi-store building destined to receive goods from various suppliers,take orders,fill them in container efficiently,deliver goods to the customer as quickly and satisfyingly as possible.

　　9.B2C is the Internet commerce designed for direct communications and commercial relationship between a firm and its end customer.B2B is to managed to the communication and relationship between business entities.